Date: March 21, 2013

This document summarizes the main conclusions of a more in-depth report” prepared by Margarita Flórez” Asociación Ambiente y Sociedad. The report was commissioned by the Rights and Resources Initiative to document and analyze the impacts of the extractive industries on the collective land and forest rights of people and communities in Colombia” Peru” Guatemala” and Panama. It focuses on mining activities because of their increased intensity” number” and range in the last two decades” particularly in land owned by indigenous and Afro-descendant communities.